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Metadata Standards for Cinematographic Works	3.227.2.246

Making sense of the Variant

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En 15907 provides a very general definition for the optional ''Variant'' entity. While the decision about when and how to use this decription level falls into the domain of cataloguing, some semantic clarification will also be needed at the level of metadata modelling. Here are some cases that may require more guidance than what is given by the current definition of ''Variant'': === Case 1: A ''Manifestation'' not belonging to a known ''Variant'' === If little or no information is available about the content of a manifestation, then it may be impossible to decide if it belongs to a known variant. Working from the assumption that if the Variant entity is used, then is should be applied unequivocally throughout a filmographic database, we may arrive at the following solution: [[File:Unknown-variant-1.jpg|500px]] Considering the fact that the Variant entity is defined as an optional description level, we may instead prefer the following construct: [[File:Unknown-variant-2.jpg|500px]] {| style="border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .4em 0 1em .4em;" |- | width="810px" style="background-color:#F0F0F0" | Syntactically, one representation can be tranformed into the other. But should we consider them as semantically equivalent? |} === Case 2: Several ''Variants'' from a single production event === Several film works are known where takes were repeated in order to produce more than one master negative without intermediate duplication. One such example is ''Spione'' by Fritz Lang (1928). [[File:Spione-bm-m17s200.jpg|frame|Taken from: SPIONE - "Ein kleiner Film, aber mit viel Action" by Guido Altendorf and Anke Wilkening. In: Fritz Lang Collection (6 DVD Set). Friedrich-Wilhelm-Murnau-Stiftung, 2007.]] Another example: Shortly after the introduction of sound film, it was not uncommon to produce multilingual versions where shots were repeated with different sets of main actors. An example of such a multilingual version is ''Cape Forlorn / Menschen im Käfig / Le cap perdue'' by E.A. Dupont (1930). The variants of these works were produced through individual ''editing'' events, which is what we would also assume in any other case where a variant is created. What we have here is a set of variants that can differ significally in artistic content while still originating from a common production event (i.e., the shooting of the film). {| style="border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .4em 0 1em .4em;" |- | width="810px" style="background-color:#F0F0F0" | When deciding whether or not a version should be described as an individual work, should the intent of the creator(s) take precedence over the actual content? |}

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